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Paleolithic period --- Stone implements --- Paléolithique --- Outils de pierre --- Paléolithique
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Paleolithic period --- Human evolution --- Congresses --- -Human evolution --- -Evolution (Biology) --- Physical anthropology --- Evolutionary psychology --- Human beings --- Eolithic period --- Old Stone age --- Palaeolithic period --- Stone age --- Origin --- Conferences - Meetings --- Congresses. --- -Congresses --- Paleolithic period - Congresses --- Human evolution - Congresses
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In this book, Jennifer French presents a new synthesis of the archaeological, palaeoanthropological, and palaeogenetic records of the European Palaeolithic, adopting a unique demographic perspective on these first two-million years of European prehistory. Unlike prevailing narratives of demographic stasis, she emphasises the dynamism of Palaeolithic populations of both our evolutionary ancestors and members of our own species across four demographic stages, within a context of substantial Pleistocene climatic changes. Integrating evolutionary theory with a socially oriented approach to the Palaeolithic, French bridges biological and cultural factors, with a focus on women and children as the drivers of population change. She shows how, within the physiological constraints on fertility and mortality, social relationships provide the key to enduring demographic success. Through its demographic focus, French combines a 'big picture' perspective on human evolution with careful analysis of the day-to-day realities of European Palaeolithic hunter-gatherer communities-their families, their children, and their lives.
Prehistoric peoples --- Paleolithic period --- Human evolution --- Evolution (Biology) --- Physical anthropology --- Evolutionary psychology --- Human beings --- Origin --- Human evolution.
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Vers le milieu du XIXe siècle, un nouveau domaine entre dans l'espace de la connaissance scientifique. Il touche le plus lointain passé de l'homme, celui qui dépasse le cadre immédiat de l'histoire, celui qui remonte avant le Déluge. Pour la première fois dans l'histoire humaine, la naissance de l'humanité va devoir être envisagée non pas à la lumière des mythes mais au départ des principes scientifiques. Dans la tradition, en effet, le passé ne se pose pas comme un problème à résoudre. Tout système culturel draine avec lui un ensemble de mythes d'origine dont le but est d'assurer au groupe un point de départ fonctionnel, une justification de ses manières d'être et d'agir et la garantie d'une place au sein du monde dans lequel il se trouve. Ces mythes ont posé, une fois pour toutes, un foyer originel à partir duquel le groupe se trouve justifié dans son existence, grâce à une puissance surhumaine. Les réponses se trouvent donc données depuis ce passé primordial qui débute avec un ancêtre mythique ou un être surnaturel et qu'un réseau subtil lie, par le biais de la tradition orale, au passé réel matérialisé par l'existence des générations antérieures. On le voit, l'origine ne constitue jamais, dans cette optique, un problème : la solution n'est pas à découvrir, elle est donnée avec le groupe. Mais la préhistoire ne peut pas, bien entendu, se bâtir sur ce modèle. Pour se constituer valablement comme discipline scientifique, elle ne peut que s'arracher à ce passé mythique qui englue le problème de l'origine, et doit pouvoir élaborer un modèle qui permette de penser le passé primordial en termes de temporalité.
Prehistoric peoples --- Archaeology --- Anthropology --- Historiography --- Homme préhistorique --- Archéologie --- Historiographie --- -Paleolithic period --- Man, Prehistoric --- -History --- -Europe --- Antiquities --- Paléolithique --- Préhistoriens --- Paléontologie --- Préhistoire --- Antiquités préhistoriques --- Histoire --- Méthologie --- Paleolithic period --- Paleolithic period. --- History --- -Eolithic period --- Old Stone age --- Palaeolithic period --- Stone age --- Archeology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Antiquities. --- Homme préhistorique --- Archéologie --- Eolithic period --- Europe --- Man [Prehistoric ] --- Historiographie. --- Préhistoriens. --- Histoire. --- Méthologie. --- Historiography. --- Archaeology - - History - - 19th century - Europe --- Man, Prehistoric - - Europe --- Europe - Antiquities
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Plaques, plaquettes --- -Plaques, plaquettes --- -Magdalenian culture --- -Reindeer period --- Paleolithic period --- Art metal-work --- Glyptics --- Signs and signboards --- France --- Spain --- Antiquities. --- Magdalenian culture --- -France --- Reindeer period --- Plaquettes
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Bone implements --- Archaeology --- Paleolithic period --- Outils d'os --- Archéologie --- Paléolithique --- -Bone implements --- -Industries, Primitive --- -Paleolithic period --- -Eolithic period --- Old Stone age --- Palaeolithic period --- Stone age --- Primitive technology --- Technology, Primitive --- Ethnology --- Industrial arts --- Material culture --- Implements, utensils, etc. --- Industries, Primitive. --- Archéologie --- Paléolithique --- Industries, Primitive --- Eolithic period
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Paleolithic period --- Stone age --- Land settlement patterns, Prehistoric --- Paléolithique --- Age de la pierre --- Colonisation intérieure --- Congresses. --- Congrès --- Types préhistoriques --- Mesolithic period --- Paléolithique --- Colonisation intérieure --- Congrès --- Types préhistoriques --- Middle Stone age --- Prehistoric land settlement patterns
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Neanderthals. --- Prehistoric peoples --- Behavior evolution. --- Land settlement patterns, Prehistoric --- Prehistoric land settlement patterns --- Behavioral evolution --- Evolutionary psychology --- Homo mousteriensis --- Homo neanderthalensis --- Homo primogenicus --- Homo sapiens neanderthalensis --- Neandertalers --- Neandertals --- Neanderthal race --- Neanderthalers --- Fossil hominids --- Prehistoric peoples. --- Paleolithic period. --- Cavemen (Prehistoric peoples) --- Early man --- Man, Prehistoric --- Prehistoric archaeology --- Prehistoric human beings --- Prehistoric humans --- Prehistory --- Primitive societies --- Human beings --- Antiquities, Prehistoric --- Eolithic period --- Old Stone age --- Palaeolithic period --- Stone age --- Neanderthals --- Behavior evolution --- Paleolithic period --- Europe.
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The Neanderthals populated western Europe from nearly 250,000 to 30,000 years ago when they disappeared from the archaeological record. In turn, populations of anatomically modern humans, Homo sapiens, came to dominate the area. Seeking to understand the nature of this replacement, which has become a hotly debated issue, Paul Mellars brings together an unprecedented amount of information on the behavior of Neanderthals. His comprehensive overview ranges from the evidence of tool manufacture and related patterns of lithic technology, through the issues of subsistence and settlement patterns, to the more controversial evidence for social organization, cognition, and intelligence. Mellars argues that previous attempts to characterize Neanderthal behavior as either "modern" or "ape-like" are both overstatements. We can better comprehend the replacement of Neanderthals, he maintains, by concentrating on the social and demographic structure of Neanderthal populations and on their specific adaptations to the harsh ecological conditions of the last glaciation. Mellars's approach to these issues is grounded firmly in his archaeological evidence. He illustrates the implications of these findings by drawing from the methods of comparative socioecology, primate studies, and Pleistocene paleoecology. The book provides a detailed review of the climatic and environmental background to Neanderthal occupation in Europe, and of the currently topical issues of the behavioral and biological transition from Neanderthal to fully "modern" populations.
Behavior evolution --- Human evolution --- Neanderthals --- Paleolithic period --- Philosophy. --- Europe --- Antiquities. --- Homo mousteriensis --- Homo neanderthalensis --- Homo primogenicus --- Homo sapiens neanderthalensis --- Neandertalers --- Neandertals --- Neanderthal race --- Neanderthalers --- Behavioral evolution --- Fossil hominids --- Evolutionary psychology --- Evolution (Biology) --- Physical anthropology --- Human beings --- Origin --- Philosophy --- Antiquities --- Neanderthals - Europe. --- Human evolution - Europe - Philosophy. --- Behavior evolution - Europe.
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Hunting and gathering societies --- Paleolithic period --- Neolithic period --- Chasseurs-cueilleurs --- Paléolithique --- Néolithique --- Mesolithic period --- Europe, Western --- Antiquities. --- Paléolithique --- Néolithique --- New Stone age --- Stone age --- Middle Stone age --- Food gathering societies --- Gathering and hunting societies --- Hunter-gatherers --- Hunting, Primitive --- Ethnology --- Subsistence hunting --- Mesolithic period - Europe, Western. --- Neolithic period - Europe, Western. --- Hunting and gathering societies - Europe, Western.
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